Piodar 30mg 10Pcs

Indications

Pioglitazone is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Pioglitazone is indicated as monotherapy and is also indicated in combination with a sulphonylurea, metformin or insulin when diet, exercise and drugs alone do not provide adequate glycemic control.

Pharmacology

Pioglitazone is a preparation of pioglitazone which is part of the new class of anti-diabetic drugs called thiazolidinediones. It depends on the presence of insulin for its mechanism of action. Pioglitazone reduces peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance, resulting in increased insulin-dependent glucose clearance and decreased hepatic glucose production. It also improved lipid metabolism abnormalities by activating the proliferative peroxisome activating gamma receptor (PPAR?).

Dosage & Administration

Pioglitazone can be taken once a day regardless of meals. The management of diabetes mellitus must be individualized. Pioglitazone monotherapy can be started at 15 mg or 30 mg once daily in patients insufficiently controlled by diet and exercise alone. For patients who respond inadequately to the initial dose of pioglitazone, the dose may be increased up to 45 mg once daily. For patients who do not respond adequately to monotherapy, combination therapy should be considered. In addition, no placebo-controlled clinical studies have used a combination of more than 30 mg once daily.

Interaction

Co-administration of thiazolidinediones with oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone reduces plasma concentrations of both hormones by approximately 30%, which may lead to loss of contraceptive efficacy.

Contraindications

Pioglitazone is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the excipients.

Side Effects

Overall rates and types of adverse events reported in placebo-controlled clinical trials of pioglitazone monotherapy at doses of 7.5 mg, 15 mg, 30 mg, or 45 mg once/day days were upper respiratory tract infection (13.2%), headache (9.1%), sinusitis. (6.3%), muscle pain (5.4%), dental problems (5.3%) and sore throat (5.1%).

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Pioglitazone should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit compares with the potential risk to the fetus.

Breastfeeding: It is not known whether pioglitazone is excreted in human milk. Since many drugs are excreted in breast milk, the drug should not be given to a nursing woman.

Precautions & Warnings

Pioglitazone exerts its hypoglycemic effect only in the presence of insulin. Therefore, it should not be used in type 1 diabetes or to treat diabetic ketoacidosis. Caution should be exercised when pioglitazone is used in combination with antidiabetic drugs and liver failure. Liver enzymes should be regularly monitored.

Storage Conditions

Store at 25? C.